Brine Shrimp Lethality and Antioxidant Activity of the Leaf, Rind and Seed Ethanolic Extracts of Durio zibethinus L.

Abstract

Introduction: Substances derived from plants have recently received renewed interest due to their versatile applications. Parts of Durio zibethinus L. have been used traditionally as a remedy for many diseases. To date, limited reports on the cytotoxicity and antioxidative properties of D. zibethinus parts are available.Objective: The study aims to determine the cytotoxic and antioxidative properties of the leaf, seed, and rind ethanolic extracts of D. zibethinus L.Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of the leaf, seed, and rind ethanolic extracts of D. zibethinus L. were determined through the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA), while antioxidative properties were measured via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical Scavenging Activity and Reducing Power Assay. Results and Discussions: Results of the BSLA showed that the LC50 value of the ethanolic leaf, rind, and seed extracts are 624.00, 139.31, and 46.28 mg/L, respectively. The data indicate potential cytotoxic properties of the rind and seed extracts, which can be attributed to the anthraquinones, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and terpenoids detected in the rinds and seed extracts. The effective concentration (EC50) value for the DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power for the seed and rind ethanolic extracts showed significantly higher activity compared to the leaf extract. Similarities in the trend of the DPPH inhibition and reducing power of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves, rinds, and seed ethanolic extracts imply a direct correlation between DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power (P<0.01).Conclusion: D. zibethinus seeds and rinds can be potential sources of natural cytotoxic and antioxidant compounds.

Keywords: Antioxidant property; BSLA; cytotoxicity; DPPH; Durio zibethinus