Impact of Serum Uric Acid on Cardiovascular Disorders: A Systematic Review
Mohd Babar Saifi, Umesh Kumar
For most of its history, uric acid has been most closely associated with medical conditions such as gout and kidney stones. But recent epidemiological data suggests it plays a much more complicated role in cardiovascular health than originally thought. This systematic review explores the role of Serum Uric Acid (SUA) in the development and progression of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) such as hypertension, stroke, heart failure and myocardial infarction. We reviewed 46 research papers including large international cohorts like the Uric Acid Right for Heart Health (URRAH) Project and focused regional studies aimed at the Pakistani Punjabi community. Our research demonstrates a significant "U-shaped" relationship between SUA and cardiovascular mortality. This means that both abnormally high levels of Uric acid and abnormally low levels are associated with a higher risk of adverse events. The review discusses the limitations of traditional SUA monitoring and suggests that clinicians should consider the use of novel inflammatory markers such as Uric Acid to HDL Ratio (UHR) and Uric Acid to Albumin Ratio (UAR) for better risk stratification and prevention of heart disease.
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