In vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Common Lantana (Lantana camara) Leaf and Flower Extract Topical Ointments: Comparative Analysis and Sensory Profile

Abstract

Aim/Background: Lantana camara is an invasive plant species of the family Verbenaceae. It is highly notable for being a nuisance in agriculture and livestock. However, the resurgence of studies with regard to its medical potential would help potentially alleviate the significant health risks brought about by inflammation and reduce side effects brought by NSAIDs. This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of L. camara leaf and flower extracts in vitro through the Egg Albumin Denaturation Assay, formulate a topical ointment with the extracts, and assess its sensory profile based on its fragrance, texture, and appearance.Materials and Methods: This study utilized Research and Development (R&D) and quantitative experimental design to determine the percent denaturation inhibition of L. camara leaf and flower extract compared to diclofenac. The sensory evaluation utilized questionnaires following the five-point Likert Scale.Results: The standard diclofenac exhibited the highest activity peak inhibition of 15.14% at 2000 ppm, followed by the leaf and flower extracts at 5.42% and 4.52%, respectively, indicating that there is a significant difference (p0.05) in their sensory profile.Conclusion: L. camara exhibits potential as an anti-inflammatory agent, though future research must focus on refining the extraction process as well as employing more sensory attributes for a much more comprehensive result.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Lantana camara; Ointment; Sensory profile